| 陈俊伟,邱 薇.728 例烧伤患者感染病原菌分布情况及药物敏感性分析[J].中国烧伤创疡杂志,2025,(3):202~205. |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 烧伤 感染 病原菌 药物敏感性 耐药性 |
| 英文关键词:Burns Infection Pathogenic bacteria Drug susceptibility Resistance |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【摘要】 目的 分析烧伤患者感染病原菌分布情况及药物敏感性特点。方法 选取 2020 年 10 月至 2022 年9月莆田市第一医院收治的728例烧伤患者作为研究对象, 采集血液、创面分泌物等标本进行培养, 并应用全自动微生物鉴定分析仪进行菌种鉴定、纸片扩散法进行药物敏感性检测。结果 728 例烧伤患者共检出病原菌768株, 其中革兰氏阳性菌 272 株 (35.42%)、革兰氏阴性菌 442 株 (57.55%)、真菌 54 株(7.03%), 分别以金黄色葡萄球菌 (19.53%)、铜绿假单胞菌 (16.54%)、白假丝酵母菌 (5.08%) 为主。药物敏感试验结果显示, 革兰氏阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和利福平的敏感率均较高, 而对克林霉素、红霉素的敏感性均较低; 革兰氏阴性菌中铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、哌拉西林/ 他唑巴坦等的敏感性均较高, 而大肠埃希菌除仅对亚胺培南、美罗培南、哌拉西林/ 他唑巴坦等小部分药物敏感性较高外, 对头孢吡肟、氨曲南等大部分药物的敏感性均较低。结论 烧伤患者感染病原菌主要以金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主, 各病原菌对不同抗菌药物的敏感性不同, 临床应合理选用, 以提高创面感染控制效果, 避免多重耐药菌株的产生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria in burn patients. Methods 728 burn patients admitted to The First Hospital of Putian City from October 2020 to September 2022 were enrolled as research subjects. Blood and wound secretion samples were collected for cultivation, and species identification was conducted using the automated microbial identification analyzer. Drug susceptibility test was performed through the disk diffusion method. Results A total of 768 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from 728 burn patients, including 272 strains (35.42%) of gram?positive bacteria, 442 strains (57.55%) of gram?negative bacteria, and 54 strains (7.03%) of fungi, commonly being staphylococcus aureus (19?? 53%), pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 16.54%), and candida albicans (5.08%), respectively. Drug susceptibility test showed that, among gram?positive bacteria, staphylo? coccus aureus, enterococcus faecium, methicillin?resistant staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin?resistant coagulase?negative staphylococcus had high sensitivity to vancomycin, linezolid, and rifampin but low sensitivity to clindamycin and erythromycin. Among gram?negative bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterobacter cloacae had high sensitivity to imipenem, meropenem, and piperacillin / tazobactam. However, escherichia coli had high sensitivity only to a few antibiotics, such as imipenem, meropenem, and piperacillin?tazobactam, while its sensitivity to most antibiotics, such
as cefepime and aztreonam, was relatively low. Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria detected in burn patients are mainly staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each pathogen has different sensitivity rates to different anti?bacterial agents, which should be rationally selected in clinical practice to improve the effect of wound infection control and prevent the emergence of multidrug?resistant strains. |
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